Hooke proposed that
‘Blue is an impression on the retina of an oblique and confused pulse of light, whose weakest part precedes and whose strongest follows.’ Red is the impression of an oblique and confused pulse of reverse order.
Newton’s proposal
Thin leaves of gold appear yellow from one side in reflected light but blue in transmitted light from the other; with a solution of lignum nephriticum(nephritic wood, infusions of which were used medicinally at the time) the colors are the reverse. In both cases, the transmission of some rays and reflection of other analyses white light into its components. He was convinced that all solid bodies would behave like gold if pieces thin enough could be obtained and that the solution of lignum nephriticum would appear blue from all sides if it were made thick enough so that no light could pass through
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