Friday, April 29, 2011

Sleep inducer

Microglia are modified monocytes (another white blood cell that is part of the immune response) that have become incorporated into the brain during its development. Microglia move around the cerebrum, to protect the brain against pathogens and remove dead cells. Microglia can take on various forms and there is evidence that they are able to turn into a form of astrocyte. Microglia, probably astrocytes, and monocytes in the blood, produce interlukin-1 which is one of a group of substances that stimulate lymphocytes and other white cells into action including the production of anti-bodies. However IL-1 is not an antibody itself.  It has a variety of actions and is also known as an ‘endogenous pyrogen’. When released in relatively large quantities it raises body temperature and causes fever. Of even more interest is that IL-1 is a potent sleep inducer.

Can we adapt to less sleep?


If we are given an opportunity most of us can eat and drink more than our true physiological needs and even cut down food and water intake by 15 – 20 per cent without any harmful effects. In the case of food limitation, body weight will fall a little and then stabilize at a new weight. Definitely time is required for adaptation and there will be some hunger at first, but there would not be starvation, provided the food restriction is not too great. 

In young adults the average sleep length is about the 7.5 hours with a standard deviation of about one hour. That’s around 65% of young adults sleep between 6.5 and 8.5 hours and about 95% between 5.5 and 9.5 hours. We have good evidence that, a normal sleeper can reduce the average 7.5 hours sleep time to 1.5-2 hours, on a more or less permanent basis, without having excessive daytime sleepiness or impaired psychological performance. Majority of us could go down to 3 hours sleep a night. 

The rule is obvious: the greater the sleep reduction, the more is the difficulty in adapting. We can even manage without any sleep for one night. Not only can we take less sleep, but it is very easy to sleep longer than normal.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Bharathan : Kovilan

Kovilan is a well-known Malayalam writer. His official name is Kandanishery Vattamparambil Velappan Aiyappan. He was born on July 9, 1923. Some of his works are Thottangal, Shakunam, a minus b, Ezhamidangal, Himalayam, Thervazhachakal and Thattakam. He got Kerala Sahitya academy award in 1972 for Thottangal and in 1977 for Shakunam.

The novel is about an IIT bus conductor Bharathan who was thrown out of his job for a murder case. He is a symbolic representation of our Indian society. The novelist has chosen the title as Bharathan may be because he wanted everyone to give priority to the character. But I felt more consideration to Kishan Lal, who came to IIT in search of his wife Madhu Chathurvedi who worked in IIT. Madhu left her village years back and never bothered to return. Kishan was murdered at Madhu’s home and Bharathan was arrested for the crime. 

Pilgrimage and offerings in temple can give only peace of mind for a temporary period. But what we need is peace forever. Bharathan is also the name of a king who ruled India and India was known as Bharath for that reason. So Bharathan was a king but now what is his condition. IIT roads and buildings are constructed in a similar manner. It is an organization of authority which is a symbol of fascism. 

The novel gives an image of common man’s life in the community. It is a good work by Kovilan.

Who is next?

I don’t know when I met him. Daily I used to see him in my bus stop. His appearance will never impress you. But his words and dialogues will always capture the attention of people waiting for the bus. He always gives sarcastic comments on incidents happening around him. He is addressed as a mentally challenged person. In the beginning I also believed what others said. But as days passed I was forced to change my thoughts about him.

On a strike day, he was walking through the road in front my house. My mother was standing near the gate. He asked mom to give something to eat. So she went inside and came out with a food parcel. This man immediately posed a question “madam, tomorrow also if I come will you give me something to eat”. I heard this question sitting in my room. I was surprised to hear that and thought how a mentally challenged man can ask such a question.

One Sunday morning I was walking to the bus stop. He was standing on the way asked “please give me three or four rupees for a cup of tea”. I had four rupees with me I gave him that and I walked. On the spot he told “don’t go and tell anywhere you gave this money”. I didn’t bother his words at that moment as I was little busy. But later I thought about his words, what he said was correct. It is a human nature to do something and give publicity for that. 

But why this man is left alone in streets? Who pushed him there? We never notice anyone in the streets who roam about without any aim. We never bother to think for a second what made these people live in streets. Why did the public called him as mentally challenged man. I think may be because he talked like a human being without any pretentions. How many of us will have the courage to talk like him?
Think about others whom you meet on roads for a second. Include them in your thoughts and prayers. There is no use in doing anything for a person after death. If you wish to do something, act when the person is alive. Who knows if one day comes when you or I become one among them.

Thursday, April 21, 2011

രാജ് കപൂര്‍

"ഒരിക്കല്‍ മാത്രം നിങ്ങളുടെ അരികില്‍ എത്തുന്ന യാത്രികനാണ് ഞാന്‍. പാട്ടു പാടിയും നൃത്തം ചെയ്തും ഞാന്‍ നിങ്ങളെ സന്തോഷിപ്പിക്കുന്നു. നിങ്ങള്‍ ഹൃദയം നിറഞ്ഞു ചിരിച്ചു എന്നുറപ്പാകുമ്പോള്‍ ഞാന്‍ രംഗം വിടുന്നു. "

' ദി ഗ്രേറ്റ്‌ ഷോ മാന്‍' എന്ന്  ലോകം വിശേഷിപ്പിക്കുന്ന ഇന്ത്യന്‍ വംശജനായ രാജ് കപൂറിന്റെ വാക്കുകളാണിത്. സോവിയറ്റ്‌ യൂണിയനിലും  അമേരിക്കയിലും ഇസ്രായേലിലും ചൈനയിലും ഇറാനിലും മോറോക്കൊയിലുമുള്ള ആളുകള്‍ ഒരു കാലത്ത് ഇന്ത്യയിലെ രാഷ്ട്രീയ നേതാക്കന്‍മാരെക്കാളേറെ ഇഷ്ട്ടപ്പെട്ടിരുന്നതു രാജ് കപൂറിനെയാണ്.  രാജ് കപൂര്‍ സിനിമകളിലെ പാട്ടുകള്‍ പോലും അവര്‍ മൂളി നടന്നു. രാജ് കപൂര്‍ മരിച്ചപ്പോള്‍ കമ്മ്യൂണിസ്റ്റ്‌ സോവിയറ്റ്‌ യൂണിയന്‍ രാജിനായ് പ്രത്യേക പ്രാര്‍ഥനകള്‍ നടത്തി.

നില്‍ക്കുന്നിടത്തു  നിന്ന് മുകളിലേക്ക് നോക്കുന്ന ഇന്ത്യന്‍ സിനിമ ശീലത്തെ രാജ് കപൂര്‍ മാറ്റി വച്ചു. അദ്ദേഹത്തിന്റെ സിനിമകള്‍ താഴേക്കാണ് നോക്കിയത്. അതുകൊണ്ട് തന്നെ തെരുവ് തെണ്ടിയും ജോക്കറുമെല്ലാം ആ സിനിമകളില്‍ നായകരായി. തങ്ങളുടെ യഥാര്‍ത്ഥ ജീവിതം സ്ക്രീനില്‍ കണ്ട സാധാരണക്കാര്‍ ആ സിനിമകള്‍ തങ്ങളുടെ ഹൃദയത്തോട്  ചേര്‍ത്ത് വച്ചു. ഒപ്പം, തങ്ങളില്‍ ഒരാളായ രാജിനെയും.

Facets of sub-editing

·        1. Ensure accuracy by checking facts, figures, names, dates etc.

·         2. Use simple, straight language.

·        3. Eliminate repetitions.

·         4. Keep usages in line with the channels house style and tradition.

·         5. Give uncompromising attention to fairness, good taste and legal propriety.

·         6. Edit news items to fit the time slot.

·   7. Rework stories or combine related stories whenever required and add background information if necessary.

·         8. Give importance to slugs/ captions.

·         9. Complete everything within the deadline

Join the desk - without being benched



News flows in through different process and it is not possible for any person to handle everything. Therefore there are different desks. Different desks require different presentation skills and knowledge in specialized areas.

General desk is the nerve center of news desk operations. It is one step ahead of other desks. It has to allocate time for news from all other desks and plays a role in deciding the headlines. It has to be in touch with other desks and also with the bureau. On the alertness of the general desk will depend the number of good stories carried, the number of points scored over competition, and the overall news quality of the channel. 

News list must be updated always.

POWER OF WORDS




Word is a basic raw material for the media industry. Normally people talk about World Bank but a journalist should talk about the Word bank. Every year new words are taken in English, so English language is becoming popular.

Once you enter into journalism you cannot say you failed because of word shortage. Word bank is freely available with words. A journalist should be reasonably good in using words. You should be a communicator. You should have love with words.